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The Polish diaspora refers to people of Polish origin who live outside Poland. The Polish diaspora is also known in modern Polish language as ''Polonia'', which is the name for Poland in Latin and in many other Romance languages. There are roughly 20 million people of Polish ancestry living outside Poland, making the Polish diaspora one of the largest in the world,〔Michael Pieslak, (Poles around the World (see: Polonia > statystyka) )〕 as well as one of the most widely dispersed. Reasons for this displacement vary from border shifts, forced expulsions and resettlement, to political and economic emigration. Major populations of Polish ancestry can be found in Germany, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Ireland and many other European countries, the United States, Canada, Brazil and elsewhere in the Americas and Australasia, particularly Australia and New Zealand. Polish communities are present in most Asian and African countries. ==History== Poles participated in the creation of first European settlements in the Americas. In the 17th-century Polish missionaries arrived for the first time in Japan. Great number of Poles left the country in the course of foreign Partitions of Poland due to economic exploitation activities and political as well as ethnic persecution by Russia, Prussia and Austria. A large proportion of Polish nationals who emigrated were Polish Jews, and these also make up part of the Jewish diaspora. The restored Second Polish Republic was home to the world's largest Jewish population as late as 1938 due to mass influx of new refugees escaping genocidal pogroms in the East. It was followed by the reiterated invasion of Poland from both sides. More than 3 million Polish Jews were killed in the Holocaust by Nazi Germany during World War II. Most survivors subsequently immigrated to Mandate Palestine, since Poland was the only Eastern Bloc country to allow free Jewish aliyah without visas and exit permits at the end of the war.〔Devorah Hakohen, ( ''Immigrants in turmoil: mass immigration to Israel and its repercussions...'' ) Syracuse University Press, 2003 - 325 pages. Page 70. 〕 Many remaining Jews, including Stalinist hardliners and members of security apparatus,〔(Wilson Center, "New Evidence on Poland in the Early Cold War" By Andrzej Werblan ) (PDF)〕 left Poland during the 1968 political crisis when the Polish communist party, pressured by Brezhnev, joined the Soviet "anti-Zionist" campaign triggered by the Six Day War.〔Andrzej Friszke, "(The March 1968 Protest Movement in Light of Ministry of Interior Reports to the Party Leadership )," Intermarium 1:1 (1997, translated from Polish; originally published in ''Więź'', March 1994).〕〔( ''Excel HSC modern history'' By Ronald E. Ringer. Page 390. )〕 In 1998, Poland's Jewish population was estimated at about 10,000–30,000.〔(Encyclopedia of the Nations: Poland—Religions ), available at Advameg, 2010 ''(bottom)''〕 A recent large migration of Poles took place following Poland's accession to the European Union and opening of the EU's labor market; with an approximate number of 2 million primarily young Poles taking up jobs abroad.〔http://wiadomosci.onet.pl/swiat/sueddeutsche-zeitung-polska-przezywa-najwieksza-fale-emigracji-od-100-lat/yrtt0"Sueddeutsche Zeitung": Polska przeżywa największą falę emigracji od 100 lat〕 Most Poles live in Europe, the Americas and Australia, but Poles have settled in smaller numbers in Asia, Africa, and Oceania as economic migrants or as part of Catholic missions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polish diaspora」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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